Recognizing IPED Use in Clinical Practice / Samuell Iff, Roman Gähwiler, Ingo Butzke, Boris B. Quednow, Malte Christian Claussen
- Praxis 111 (2022) 6 (April), p. e333-e337
- PMID: 35473328
- DOI: 10.1024/1661-8157/a003874
Abstract
The non-medical use of image- and performance-enhancing drugs (IPEDs) is widespread in the fitness and bodybuilding scene. The reasons for IPED use are often hedonistic in nature and they are used in so-called "cycles" over several weeks. The most common side effects are: testicular atrophy, acne, hypersexuality, hypertension, gynecomastia, lipid metabolism disorders, mood swings, hair loss, and policythemia. Common consequences following IPED use are: decreased libido, oligo- or azoospermia, and erectile dysfunction. To reduce undesirable side effects and consequences, IPED users often take medications for self-treatment; occasionally IPED users also mention such medications and ask for them in the general medical practice.
