Facts
The French Shooting Federation (Fédération Française de Tir, FFTir) charges respondent M42 for a violation of the Anti-Doping Rules. During a shooting contest, on November 28, 2009, a sample for doping test purposes was taken. The sample tested positive on hydrochlorothiazide and bisoprolol which is a prohibited substance on the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) prohibited list. Hydrochlorothiazide and bisoprolol are regarded as a specified substances.

History
The respondent used the prohibited to treat arterial hypertension and Ankylosing spondylitis (Bechterew's desease) he has certificates to prove his medication and his cardiology.

Decision
1. The respondents is acquitted.
2. The decision (two months of ineligibility), dated March 6, 2010, by the disciplinary committee of the FFTir should be modified.
3. The decision starts on the date of notification.
4. The decision will be published and sent to the parties involved.

Facts
The French Rugby Federation (Fédération Française de Rugby, FFR) charges respondent M41 for a violation of the Anti-Doping Rules. Respondent didn't comply for a doping control.

History
The disciplinary committee of the FFR had decided on February 18, 2010, that the respondent was acquitted. The sampler collector hadn't used all his available means to perform the doping control.

Decision
1. The respondent is acquitted.
2. The decision, dated February 18, 2010, of the disciplinary committee of the FFR is upheld.
3. The decision will start on the date of notification.
4. The decision will be published and sent to the parties involved.

Facts
The French Rugby Federation (Fédération Française de Rugby, FFR) charges respondent M40 for a violation of the Anti-Doping Rules. During a match on December 5, 2009, a sample was taken for doping test purposes. The analysis showed the presence of salbutamol. Salbutamol is a prohibited substance according the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) prohibited list and is regarded as a specified substance.

History
The disciplinary committee of the FFR had decided on February 16, 2010, that the respondent was acquitted for the reason "no significant fault or negligence. Respondent had used an inhaler to treat rhino-sinusitis and the beginning of pulmonary disease. Also he uses it to prevent an asthma attack. However the respondent has not been able to produce a complete record of clinical and complementary examinations, nor even transmitted a medical prescription which shows the usage of salbutamol.

Decision
1. The sanction is a period of ineligibility of two months, in which respondent can't take part in competition or manifestations organized or authorized by the FFR.
2. The decision (acquittal), dated February 16, 2010, by the disciplinary committee of the FFR should be modified.
3. The decision will start on the date of notification.
4. The decision will be published and sent to the parties involved.

Rapid detection of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents in urine and serum / M. Lönnberg, M. Andrén, G. Birgegård, M. Drevin, M. Garle, J. Carlsson. - (Analytical biochemistry (2012) 420 (15 January) : p. 101-114) doi: 10.1016/j.ab.2011.09.021. Epub 2011 Sep 29.

A rapid and easy-to-use test kit, EPO WGA MAIIA, which can be used for distinguishing various endogenous human erythropoietins (hEPOs) and several recombinant hEPO and EPO analogues, has been evaluated. The test is based on chromatographic separation of the glycosylated isoforms of EPO using wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) and a sensitive immunoassay using anti-EPO carbon black nanostrings and image scanning for quantification. All of the reactions take place along the porous layer of a lateral flow microcolumn containing WGA and anti-EPO zones. The presence of molecules resembling hEPOs, such as Mircera, was detected by the aberrant affinity interaction with the antibody zone on the strip. It was possible to distinguish nine recombinant hEPOs expressed in hamster and human cell lines, as well as Aranesp and Mircera, from endogenous urine hEPO. The required amount of EPO in the samples, a few picograms, is very low compared with other methods for EPO isoform identification. This EPO isoform determination method opens the possibility to monitor recombinant EPO therapy for clinical research and seems to be a valuable candidate to the arsenal of EPO doping control tests.

Oxygen gas-filled microparticles provide intravenous oxygen delivery / J.N. Kheir, L.A. Scharp, M.A. Borden, E.J. Swanson, A. Loxley, J.H. Reese, K.J. Black, L.A. Velazquez, L.M. Thomson, Brian K. Walsh, Kathryn E. Mullen, Dionne A. Graham, Michael W. Lawlor, Carlo Brugnara, David C. Bell, FX McGowan Jr. – (Science translational medicine 4 (2012) 140 (27 June) : p. 1-10) doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3003679.

We have developed an injectable foam suspension containing self-assembling, lipid-based microparticles encapsulating a core of pure oxygen gas for intravenous injection. Prototype suspensions were manufactured to contain between 50 and 90 ml of oxygen gas per deciliter of suspension. Particle size was polydisperse, with a mean particle diameter between 2 and 4 μm. When mixed with human blood ex vivo, oxygen transfer from 70 volume % microparticles was complete within 4 s. When the microparticles were infused by intravenous injection into hypoxemic rabbits, arterial saturations increased within seconds to near-normal levels; this was followed by a decrease in oxygen tensions after stopping the infusions. The particles were also infused into rabbits undergoing 15 min of complete tracheal occlusion. Oxygen microparticles significantly decreased the degree of hypoxemia in these rabbits, and the incidence of cardiac arrest and organ injury was reduced compared to controls. The ability to administer oxygen and other gases directly to the bloodstream may represent a technique for short-term rescue of profoundly hypoxemic patients, to selectively augment oxygen delivery to at-risk organs, or for novel diagnostic techniques. Furthermore, the ability to titrate gas infusions rapidly may minimize oxygen-related toxicity.

Facts
The French Rugby Federation (Fédération Française de Rugby, FFR) charges respondent M39 for a violation of the Anti-Doping Rules. During a match on November 24, 2009, a sample was taken for doping test purposes. The analysis of the sample showed the presence of a metabolite of cannabis. Cannabis is a prohibited substance according the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) prohibited list and is regarded as a specified substance.

History
The respondent uses the prohibited substance occasionally in the evenings among friends. The reason why he uses it is related to personal difficulties: pregnant girlfriend, separation of his parents and the illness of his mother. There was no intention to enhance his sport performance.

Decision
1. The decision, dated January 26, 2009, by the disciplinary committee of the FFR should be upheld, which conflicts with a ban on participation respectively for three months and four months for competitions and manifestations organized or authorized by the FFR.
2. The decision will start on the date of notification.
3. The decision will be published and sent to the parties involved.

Facts
The French Basketball Federation (Fédération Française de Basket-Ball, FFBB) charges respondent M38 for a violation of the Anti-Doping Rules. During a match on October 24, 2009, a sample was taken for doping test purposes. The analysis of the sample showed the presence of a metabolite of cannabis. Cannabis is prohibited according the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) prohibited list and is regarded as a specified substance.

History
The respondent had used cannabis in a recreational setting. There was no intention to enhance sport performance.

Decision
1. The sanction is a period of ineligibility of four months in which respondent can't take part in competition or manifestation organized by the FFBB.
2. The decision (3 months period of ineligibility), dated January 27, 2010, by the disciplinary committee of the FFBB should be modified. The period already served leaves a remaining time period of 30 hours.
3. The decision starts on the date of notification.
4. The decision will be published and sent to the parties involved.

Facts
The French Basketball Federation (Fédération Française de Basket-Ball, FFBB) charges respondent M37 for a violation of the Anti-Doping Rules. During a match on October 24, 2009, a sample was taken for doping test purposes. The analysis of the sample showed the presence of a metabolite of cannabis. Cannabis is prohibited according the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) prohibited list and is regarded as a specified substance.

History
The respondent had smoked marijuana for several years. There was no intention to enhance sport performance, she used it to ease her sorrows regarding family problems.

Decision
1. The sanction is a period of ineligibility of two months in which respondent can't take part in competition or manifestation organized by the FFBB.
2. The decision (3 months period of ineligibility), dated January 27, 2010, by the disciplinary committee of the FFBB should be modified. The period already served leaves a remaining time period of 30 hours
3. The decision starts on the date of notification.
4. The decision will be published and sent to the parties involved.

Facts
The French Motor Sports Federation (Fédération Française du Sport Automobile, FFSA) charges respondent M36 or a violation of the Anti-Doping Rules. During a rally on November 29, 2009, a sample was taken for a doping test. Analysis of the sample showed the presence of prednisone and prednisolone. Prednisone and prednisolone are prohibited according the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) prohibited list, they are regarded as specified substances.

History
The respondent used medication to treat angina with laryngitis stridulus. He has a certificate from his physician for his prescription.

Decision
1. The sanction will be a period of ineligibility of one month in which respondent can't take part in competition or manifestation organized by the FFSA.
2. The decision (acquittal) of February 23, 2010, by the disciplinary committee of the FFSA should be modified.
3. The decision will start on the date of notification.
4. The decision will be published and sent to the parties involved.

Facts
The French Basketball Federation (Fédération Française de Basket-Ball, FFBB) charges respondent M35 for a violation of the Anti-Doping Rules. During a match on October 10, 2009, a sample was taken for doping test purposes. The analysis of the sample showed the presence of prednisolone and prednisone. Prednisolone and prednisone are prohibited according the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) prohibited list and are regarded as a specified substances.

History
The respondent had used medication containing the prohibited substances to treat a flu that was transforming in bronchitis. He has the prescription for this medication.

Decision
1. The sanction is a period of ineligibility of three months in which respondent can't take part in competition or manifestation organized by the FFBB.
2. The decision (a warning), dated January 6, 2010, by the disciplinary committee of the FFBB should be modified.
3. The decision starts on the date of notification.
4. The decision will be published and sent to the parties involved.