Prevalence of Body Dysmorphic Disorder and Muscle Dysmorphia Among Entry-Level Military Personnel / John D. A. Campagna, Barbara Bowsher . – (Military Medicine 181 (2016) 5 (May) : p. 494-501). - PMID: 27136659. - DOI: 10.7205/MILMED-D-15-00118
Abstract:
Objective: To determine the prevalence of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) and muscle dysmorphia
(MD) in enlisted U.S. military personnel; and secondarily, to determine supplement use and relationship with BDD and MD.
Methods:
A survey of advanced individual training of tri-service personnel at Fort Sam Houston, Texas, was performed combining the dysmorphia concern questionnaire, the MD symptom questionnaire, a supplement questionnaire, and demographic factors. Results: Of the 1,320 service members approached, 1,150 (87.1%) completed the survey. The majority of participants were male, 62.8% (n = 722) and Army soldiers 59.0% (n = 679). The prevalence rate of BDD was 13.0% in males and 21.7% in females. The prevalence of MD was 12.7% in males and 4.2% in females. There was a strong correlation between having BDD and using supplements to get thinner (odds ratio 5.1; 95% confidence
interval 3.4–7.8; p < 0.001) and MD to get more muscular (odds ratio 5.4; 95% confidence interval 3.5–8.3; p < 0.001).
Conclusions:
Our study shows a higher than expected prevalence rate of BDD and MD in service members. This indicates a need for increased awareness of dysmorphias in mental health providers, primary care providers, and commanders and justifies further military specific BDD and MD research.
