Anabolic steroid users' misuse of non-traditional prescription drugs

Anabolic steroid users' misuse of non-traditional prescription drugs / Eric J. Ip, Shadi Doroudgar, Bonnie Lau, Mitchell J. Barnett. - (Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy 15 (2019) 8 (August); p. 949-952).
- PMID: 31303195.
- DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2018.07.003


Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Few anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) users disclose their performance enhancing drug (PED) use with their healthcare providers. AAS users practice polypharmacy with prescription medications to counter adverse effects of AAS, to further their muscular gains, or to lose weight.

OBJECTIVES:
To compare and contrast AAS using and non-AAS using gym clients regarding PED use, in particular prescription drugs.

METHODS:
The CASTRO (Castro Anabolic Steroid Research Observation) study was a 108-item cross-sectional survey that took place at four gyms in San Francisco, California between August 2015 and January 2016. 40 AAS users and 179 non-AAS users completed the survey.

RESULTS:
The prevalence of AAS use in the study cohort was 18.3%. AAS users reported using a greater number of total PEDs (8.7 ± 4.2 vs. 3.7 ± 2.1, p < 0.001) than non-AAS users. AAS users were more likely to misuse the following prescription drugs: antiestrogens (tamoxifen, anastrazole), fertility agents (clomiphene, human chorionic gonadotropin), erectile dysfunction drugs (tadalafil, sildenafil), anabolic drugs (clenbuterol, recombinant human growth hormone), and weight loss drugs (liothyronine).

CONCLUSIONS:
AAS users practice polypharmacy and misuse multiple prescription drugs. These findings allow researchers and clinicians to be more knowledgeable and to anticipate potential misuse of prescription medications that traditionally are not thought to be abused.

Parameters

Science
Research / Study
Date
3 July 2018
People
Barnett, Mitchell J.
Doroudgar, Shadi
Ip, Eric J.
Lau, Bonnie
Country
United States of America
Language
English
Other organisations
Kaiser Permanente
Stanford University
Stanford University School of Medicine
Touro University California
Doping classes
S2. Peptide Hormones, Growth Factors
S4. Hormone And Metabolic Modulators
Substances
Anastrozole
Clenbuterol
Clomifene
Growth hormone (GH)
Human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG)
Tamoxifen
Medical terms
Legitimate Medical Treatment
Substance use research
Various
Prevalence
Document category
Abstract
Date generated
2 July 2019
Date of last modification
18 May 2020
Category
  • Legal Source
  • Education
  • Science
  • Statistics
  • History
Country & language
  • Country
  • Language
Other filters
  • ADRV
  • Legal Terms
  • Sport/IFs
  • Other organisations
  • Laboratories
  • Analytical aspects
  • Doping classes
  • Substances
  • Medical terms
  • Various
  • Version
  • Document category
  • Document type
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Origin