Cannabinoids, Phenolics, Terpenes and Alkaloids of Cannabis / Mohamed M. Radwan, Suman Chandra, Shahbaz Gul, Mahmoud A. ElSohly
- Molecules 26 (2021) 9 (8 May), 2774, p. 1-29
- PMID: 34066753
- PMCID: PMC8125862
- DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092774
Abstract
Cannabis sativa is one of the oldest medicinal plants in the world. It was introduced into western medicine during the early 19th century. It contains a complex mixture of secondary metabolites, including cannabinoids and non-cannabinoid-type constituents. More than 500 compounds have been reported from C. sativa, of which 125 cannabinoids have been isolated and/or identified as cannabinoids. Cannabinoids are C21 terpeno-phenolic compounds specific to Cannabis. The non-cannabinoid constituents include: non-cannabinoid phenols, flavonoids, terpenes, alkaloids and others. This review discusses the chemistry of the cannabinoids and major non-cannabinoid constituents (terpenes, non-cannabinoid phenolics, and alkaloids) with special emphasis on their chemical structures, methods of isolation, and identification.
