Strengthening Athlete Power in Sport : A multidisciplinary review and framework / Alberto Carrio, Arnout Geeraert, Evie Ham, Andy Harvey, Alban Zohn, Mike McNamee (Ed.). - Aarhus : Play the Game; Danish Institute for Sports Studies, 2021

• ISBN978-87-93784-57-4

The project Strengthening Athlete Power in Sport (SAPIS) aimed at strengthening the influence and representation of athletes in the way that their sports organizations are governed and managed has released their first output.

The output, a literature review produced by the project’s academic partners, demonstrates that academic research on questions of athlete representation is limited. Therefore, to effectively capture what happens on the ground in terms of political structures and groups that promote athlete’s interests, in addition to scientific academic literature other documents have been included.  

The review is organized under the following headings: 

• Democracy and sports governance 
• Legitimacy of sports governance 
• Athletes and industrial relations 
• The special features of the sports sector 
• Athlete activism 
• The grey literature on athletes’ rights 

CHINADA 2020 Annual Report / China Anti-Doping Agency (CHINADA). - Beijing : CHINADA, 2021

USADA Annual Report 2020 / United States Anti-Doping Agency (USADA). - Colorado Springs : USADA, 2021

Dopingautoriteit Annual Report 2020 (Netherlands) / Anti-doping Authority Netherlands (Dopingautoriteit). - Capelle aan den IJssel : Dopingautoriteit, 2021

Contents:

Chapter 1 – Education
Chapter 2 – Doping control
Chapter 3 – Intelligence & Investigations
Chapter 4 – Disciplinary Proceedings
Chapter 5 – Legal Affairs
Chapter 6 – Scientific research
Chapter 7 – Knowledge management
Chapter 8 – Therapeutic Use Exemptions
Chapter 9 – International Affairs
Chapter 10 – People & organisation
--------------------------
Annex 1 - Financial overview
Annex 2 - Members of Advisory Board and Committees
Annex 3 - Personnel
Annex 4 - Overview of presentations and scientific publications
Annex 5 - Secondary positions
Annex 6 – Abbreviations
Annex 7 – Result management

NADA Annual Report 2020 / National Anti Doping Agency of Germany. - Bonn : Nationale Anti Doping Agentur Deutschland (NADA), 2021
NADA Material No. 89

Jaresbericht 2020 / Natonale Anti-Doping Agentur Austria (NADA Austria). - Wien : NADA Austria, 2021

Contents:

NADA Austria

• Leitbild, Vision, Mission, Werte, Ziele, Qualitätsmanagement
• Kommissionen
• Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter
• Nationale und internationale Kooperationen

DopingkontrollSystem

• Dopingkontrollprogramm 2020
• Dopingkontrollstatistik 2020

Medizin

• Medikamentenabfrage - MedApp
• Medizinische Ausnahmegenehmigungen

Recht

• Welt-Anti-Doping-Code
• Anti-Doping Bundesgesetz 2021
• "Operation Aderlass" (Update)
• Verstöße gegen die Anti-Doping Bestimmungen 2020

Information & Prävention

• International Standard for Education
• Online
• Social Media
• Vorträge, Schulungen und Info-Tour
• Schulungsprogramme
• Kampagnen und Kooperationen

Ausblick NADA Austria
Anlagen

Report Attività Antidoping NADO Italia Anno 2020  / Organizzazione Nazionale Antidoping (NADO Italia). - Roma : NADO Italia, 2021

Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) and Its Monitoring in Medical Diagnostic and in Sports / Julian Bailes, Mikhail Soloviev. - (Biomolecules 11 (2021) 2 (4 February); p. 1-15)

• PMID: 33557137
• PMCID: PMC7913862
• DOI: 10.3390/biom11020217

Abstract

Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is the principal mediator of growth hormone (GH), plays a crucial role in promoting cell growth and differentiation in childhood and continues to have an anabolic effect in adults. IGF-1 is part of a wide network of growth factors, receptors and binding proteins involved in mediating cellular proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Bioavailability of IGF-1 is affected by insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) which bind IGF-1 in circulation with an affinity equal to or greater than that of the IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R). The six IGFBPs serve as carrier proteins and bind approximately 98% of all circulating IGF-1. Other proteins known to bind IGF-1 include ten IGFBP-related proteins (IGFBP-rPs), albeit with lower affinities than the IGFBPs. IGF-1 expression levels vary in a number of clinical conditions suggesting it has the potential to provide crucial information as to the state of an individual's health. IGF-1 is also a popular doping agent in sport and has featured in many high-profile doping cases in recent years. However, the existence of IGFBPs significantly reduces the levels of immunoreactive IGF-1 in samples, requiring multiple pre-treatment steps that reduce reproducibility and complicates interpretation of IGF-1 assay results. Here we provide an overview of the IGF network of growth factors, their receptors and the entirety of the extended family of IGFBPs, IGFBP-rPs, E peptides as well as recombinant IGF-1 and their derivatives. We also discuss issues related to the detection and quantification of bioavailable IGF-1.