AUSTRALIAN SPORTS DRUG AGENCY 1993-94 ANNUAL REPORT
© Commonwealth of Australia
ISSN 1037-378

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Abbreviations and acronyms vii
Executive summary ix

Chapter One: Introduction
Mission 1
Corporate priorities 1
Organisational structure 5
Publications and presentations 6
Social justice 7
Internal and external scrutiny 7

Chapter Two: Testing, research and policy
Objectives, functions and resources 9
Summary of 1993-94 testing activities 9
Public interest testing 10
Contract testing 11
Register of Notifiable Events 15
Memorandum of Understanding between the Australian Sports Drug Agency and the Australian Government Analytical Laboratories 18
Research 18
Policy advice 22
International Court of Arbitration for Sport 24
Special interest groups 25
Legislation 28
Special operational issues 31

Chapter 3: Education
Objectives, functions and resources 33
School-based education programs 34
Sport-based education programs 35
Information services 38

Chapter 4: Executive
Objectives, functions and resources 43
Planning 43
Evaluation 44
Research 46
National activities 49
Finance 50
Human resource management 52
Social justice 55
Administrative services 58
Public relations 60

Chapter 5: International
Objectives, functions and resources 63
Fourth permanent world conference on anti-doping in sport 64
International anti-doping agreements 65
Council of Europe anti-doping convention 66
Working with international sporting organisations 67
international visitors 70
Reciprocal exchange with China 71
International Olympic Charter against doping in sport education annex 71
Sydney 2000 Olympic Games 72
Asia export task force 72
World Health Organisation program on substance abuse 72

Chapter 6: Financial statements 73

Appendices
1 Objects, functions and powers of the Australian Sports Drug Agency as specified in the Australian Sports Drug Agency Act 1990 90
2 Powers of the minister under the Australian Sports Drug Agency Act 1990 92
3 Presentations and Publications by ASDA staff 94
4 Summary of ASDA's international testing activities 99
5 Dope control laboratories accredited by the International Olympic Committee 100
6 International Olympic Committee Medical Commission list of doping classes and methods 103
7 ASDA testing for period 1 July 1993 to 30 June 1994 96
8 Summary of Entries on Register of Notifiable Events, 1993-94 113
9 1993-94 Memorandum of Understanding between the Australian Government Analytical Laboratories and the Australian Sports Drug Agency 115
10 Educational resource material distribution, 1993-94 125
11 State Coordinators of the School Development in Health Education Project 125
12 Sports Drug Education Unit steering groups 128
13 Portfolio evaluation steering committee 129
14 Conference statement, the 4th Permanent World Conference on Anti-Doping in Sport, September 5-8, 1993, London, United Kingdom 130
15 Council of Europe Anti-Doping Convention, Strasbourg, November 16, 1989 132

Compliance index 143

Index 144

Tables
1.1 Financial and staffing resources summary 7
1.2 Expenditure by program 8
2.1 Summary of entries on Register Of Notifiable Events by doping class and sport 16
3.1 Drugs in Sport Hotline-summary 41
4.1 Total number of employees at June 30, 1994 54
4.2 Summary of the Training Guarantee Scheme 55
4.3 Categories of eligible training expenditure 55

Figures
1.1 The relationship between the mission, corporate priorities and program structure of the Australian Sports Drug Agency 2
1.2 Organisation of the Australian Sports Drug Agency 5

AUSTRALIAN SPORTS DRUG AGENCY 1992-93 ANNUAL REPORT
© Commonwealth of Australia
ISSN 1037-378

CONTENTS
Page
List of Tables 10
List of Appendices 11
Summary of Compliance with Reporting Guidelines 13

Chapter One
Introduction 14
Objects, Functions and Powers 16
Responsible Minister 18
Membership 19
Board Meetings 19
The Staff of the Agency 21
Publications and Presentations 21
Social Justice 22
Special Operational Issues 26
Summary of Outcomes for 1992-93 28
Outlook of Activities for 1993-94 31

Chapter Two
Policy and Research Program 35
Objective 35
International Initiatives and Activities 35
Policy Development within Australia 44
Legislation 54
Research 56

Chapter Three
Drug Testing Program 63
Objective 63
Drug Testing Management System 63

Chapter Four
Education Program 66
Objectives 66
School-based Education Programs 66
Sports-based Education Programs 68
Information Services 69

Chapter Five
Executive-Corporate Operations Program 73
Objective 73
Finance 73
Memorandum of Understanding with the Australian Government Analytical Laboratories 74
Office Services 76

Chapter Six
Financial Statements F1-F12

TABLES
Table 1 Agency papers and presentations 1992-93 80
Table 2 Drug testing statistics 1992-93 85
Table 3 Drug testing statistics by State and sex 1992-93 86
Table 4 Summary of defaults 87
Table 5 Summary of defaults by sport 89
Table 6 Summary of substances found in positive drug tests 90
Table 7 International sporting events held in Australia and tested by ASDA 91
Table 8 Agency staffing levels 92
Table 9 Five-year targets for user-pay drug testing services 93

Appendices
Appendix 1: Guidelines for the content, preparation and presentation of annual reports by statutory authorities 94
Appendix 2: Establishment chart of the Australian Sports Drug Agency 97
Appendix 3: Memorandum of Understanding between the Governments of Australia, Canada and the United Kingdom concerning the reciprocal development and enforcement of measures against anti-doping (1990) 98
Appendix 4: Self-assessment guidelines for a national anti-doping program 102
Appendix 5: International Olympic Charter Against Doping in Sport —
model for a national anti-doping program 104
Appendix 6: Arrangement between the Government of Australia and the Government of New Zealand concerning the reciprocal development and enforcement of measures against doping in sport 106
Appendix 7: Types of harm caused by drug use 108
Appendix 8: International Olympic Committee Medical Commission List of doping classes and methods of doping - March 17, 1993, 110
Appendix 9: Summary of IOC doping classes and methods 117
Appendix 10: Clenbuterol 121
Appendix 11: Dope control laboratories accredited by the IOC 122
Appendix 12: Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion 127
Appendix 13: Community development of drugs in sport programs - the role of professionals 130

Dona Schneider, Joyce Morris
Joumal of Athletic Training Volume 28 * Number 2 * 1993
Urban Studies and Community Health at Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, in New Brunswick, NJ 08903

We surveyed varsity athletes at a Big East university to assess
attitudes toward a mandatory drug education and testing program and examined whether there were differences in drug-related attitudes and behaviors based on gender or varsity sport.

We found no statistically significant differences in personal drug use behaviors based on gender or team affiliation. Attitudes about drug use and knowledge of a teammate using drugs did show significant differences based on varsity sport. Tennis players were most likely to agree that drug use by college athletes is socially acceptable. Lacrosse players were most likely to know of at least one teammate using drugs. Overall, attitudes towards the mandatory drug education and testing program were ambivalent. About half of our responding athletes believed drug testing was necessary and discouraged drug use. Only 17% believed that the program was an invasion of privacy.

AUSTRALIAN SPORTS DRUG AGENCY 1991-92 ANNUAL REPORT
© Commonwealth of Australia
ISSN 1037-378

CONTENTS
List of Tables vi
List of Appendices vii
Summary of Compliance with Reporting Guidelines viii

1 INTRODUCTION
Objects, Functions and Powers 1
Responsible Minister 3
Membership 4
Board Meetings 4
Staff 6
Publications and Presentations 6
Social justice 6
Special Operational Issues 9

2 POLICY PLANNING AND RESEARCH PROGRAM
Objectives 15
Policy 15
Planning 27
Research 30

3 DRUG 'TESTING 'PROGRAM
Program Objectives 37
Drug Testing Management System and Database 39
4 EDUCATION PROGRAM
Program Objectives 49
School-based Education Programs 49
Sport-based Education Programs 50
Information Services 51
5 CORPORATE OPERATIONS
Program Objectives 55
Finance 55
Human Resources 57
Administrative Services 59

6 SUMMARY
Outcomes for 1991-92 63
Outlook of activities for 1992-93 65

7 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 67

TABLES
1 Agency papers and presentations, 1991-92 17
2 Drug testing statistics, 1991-92 37
3 Drug testing statistics by State and gender 1991-92 38
4 Summary of defaults 40
5 Summary of defaults by sport 42
6 Summary of substances found in positive drug tests 43
7 International sporting events held in Australia and tested by ASDA 46
8 Income generating activities of ASDA 56
9 Five year targets for user-pay testing program 56
10 Summary of the Training Guarantee Scheme 58
11 Agency staffing levels 58

APPENDICES
1 Guidelines for the content, preparation and presentation of annual reports by Statutory Authorities 81
2 Australian Sports Drug Agency: Organisational structure and establishment 83
3 Memorandum of Understanding between the Governments of Australia, Canada and the United Kingdom concerning the reciprocal development and enforcement of measures against doping in sport 85
4 Self assessment guidelines for a national anti-doping program 89
5 Model national anti-doping program 91
6 Arrangement between the Government of Australia and the Government of New Zealand concerning the reciprocal development and enforcement of measures against doping in sport 93
7 Program of die Third Permanent World Conference on Anti-Doping in Sport 95
8 State and Territory regulations for anabolic steroids 97
9 Types of harm caused by drug use 101
10 International Olympic Committee Medical Commission List of Doping Classes and Methods May 1992 103
11 Summary of IOC doping classes and methods 109
12 Clenbuterol 113
13 Dope control laboratories accredited by the IOC, March 1992 115
14. Summary of samples analysed by the IOC accredited laboratories in 1991 119
15 Summary of IOC laboratory statistics 1986-1991 125
16 The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion 127
17 Community development of drugs-in-sport programs - the role of professionals 129
18 An outline of the process of action research 131
19 Selected key papers on drugs-in-sport issues 133
20 Memorandum of Understanding between the Australian Sports Drug Agency and the Australian Government Analytical Laboratory 135
INDEX 140

AUSTRALIAN SPORTS DRUG AGENCY 1990-91 ANNUAL REPORT
© Commonwealth of Australia

CONTENTS

Letter of Transmittal iii
Chapter 1: Introduction 1
Chapter 2: Education and Research Program 7
Chapter 3: Drug Testing and Sampling Program 17
Chapter 4: Management and Corporate Services 21

TABLE CONTENT
Table 1 List of papers presented or published by the Agency 1990-91 25
Table 2 List of ASDA resources 27
Table 3 List of sports represented in the study 28
Table 4 Number of groups per 'sporting role' 28
Table 5 List of tests conducted 29
Table 6 Summary of defaults 30
Table 7 List of defaults—by sport 35
Table 8 List of substances found in positive drug tests—by class of International Olympic Committee listed drugs 36
Table 9 International sporting events held in Australia in which ASDA was involved in drug testing 36

Financial Statements
Appendix IV
Appendix V
Appendix VI
Appendix VII
Index
Appendix I: List of laboratories accredited by the International Olympic Committee as at January 1991 37
Appendix II: Schedule of drugs listed by the International Olympic Committee 49
Appendix III: Multilateral Agreement in unification of actions in struggle against doping use in sports 55
Appendix IV: Memorandum of Understanding between the Governments of Australia, Canada and the United Kingdom concerning the reciprocal development and enforcement of measures against doping in sport 58
Appendix V: Memorandum of Understanding between the Australian Sports Drug Agency and the Australian Government Analytical Laboratory 62
Appendix VI: International Olympic Charter Against Doping in Sport—model for a national anti-doping program 69
Appendix VII : Agency staffing levels as at 30 June 1991 71
Index 73

Commission d'enquête sur le recours aux drogues et aux pratiques interdites pour améliorer la performance athlétique : [Dubin Report] / Charles L. Dubin. - Ottawa : La Commission ; Ministère des approvisionnements et services Canada, 1990. – XXXI, 714 p. : ill
ISBN 0660929767
ISBN 9780660929767

Cette commission a été créée à la suite de la disqualification du coureur Ben Johnson, gagnant de l'épreuve des 100 mètres aux Jeux Olympiques de Séoul, en 1988. Cette publication est le résultat d'une enquête approfondie sur l'usage des drogues dans les milieu sportifs canadiens. La Commission a en effet tenue des audiences publiques en 1989 dans le but d'enquèter sur l'usage des drogues par les athlètes, plus particulièrement sur celui des stéroides anabolisants, d'analyser leurs effets sur performances des utilisateurs ainsi que des risques qu'elles représentaient pour leur santé. Les conclusions et recommandations de la commission contribueront largement à réhabiliter l'image du sport au Canada et dans le monde entier.

Commission of inquiry into the use of drugs and banned practices intended to increase athletic performance : [Dubin Report] / Charles L. Dubin. - Ottawa : The Commission ; Canadian Government Publishing Centre, 1990. – XXIX, 638 p. : ill
ISBN 0660136104
ISBN 9780660136103

In Canada, the federal government established the Commission of Inquiry Into the Use of Drugs and Banned Practices Intended to Increase Athletic Performance, headed by Ontario Appeal Court Chief Justice Charles Dubin. The Dubin Inquiry (as it became known), which was televised live, heard hundreds of hours of testimony about the widespread use of performance-enhancing drugs among athletes. The inquiry began in January 1989 and lasted 91 days, with 122 witnesses called, including athletes, coaches, sport administrators, IOC representatives, doctors and government officials.

Recommendations from the Dubin Report include:
(1) increased and improved drug testing at the national and international levels;
(2) third-party testing by the Sports Medicine Council of Canada;
(3) stricter sanctions, including suspension for at least the next world championship, after a violation;
(4) legal sanctions for steroid distribution and use;
(5) clearer demarcation on rights and responsibilities of Sport Canada and the sports governing bodies, with the former responsible for financing carded athletes and national teams, and the latter responsible for the selection and eligibility of such teams;
(6) change in emphasis by the sporting community, the media, and the public at large from winning medals to personal excellence;
(7) establishment of an independent arbitrator to deal with appeals; and
(8) ethics and morality modules in the National Coaching Certification Program.

Content:

PART ONE
Overview of Government and Sport in Canada
1. Government and Sport in Canada

PART TWO
Overview of Doping
2. Doping Definitions and Policies
3. Banned Substances and Practices
4. Doping Control Procedures

PART THREE
The Sports and Events Examined
5. Weightlifting
6. The Canadian Track and Field Association
7. Doping Control Policy and Practice in Track and Field before September 1988
8. The Throwing Events
9. Canada's Olympic Sprint Team, 1988
10. The Disqualification at the Seoul Olympics
11. The Use of Performance-Enhancing Drugs
12. The Positive Test
13. "Estragol" [furazabol]
14. Other Track Athletes
15. Athlete Reserve Fund

PART FOUR
Use and Control of Banned Substances
16. Extent of Use of Banned Substances
17. Supply and Distribution of Banned Substances
18. Food and Drugs Act
19. Medical Profession
20. Drug-Testing Issues
21. Doping Control Initiatives before 1988
22. Doping Control Initiatives since 1988

PART FIVE
Rights and Ethical Considerations
23. Athletes and Coaches against Drugs
24. Athletes'Rights
25. Ethics and Morality in Sport

PART SIX
Conclusions and Recommendations
26. Conclusions and Recommendations