In July 2015 the International Volleyball Federation (FIVB) has reported an anti-doping rule violation against the Athlete from the United States Virgin Islands after his sample tested positive for the prohibited substance cannabis in a concentration above the WADA threshold.

After notification the Athlete filed a statement in his defence and he did not attend the hearing of the FIVB Disciplinary Panel.
The Athlete failed explain how the substance came into his body and he argued that the doping control process was unprofessional and improperly performed.

The Panel considered the Athlete’s arguments and concludes that there was no departure of the WADA ISTI and, in any event, could not have caused the Adverse Analytical Finding.

Considering the Athlete gave no explanation and without intention to enhance his performance the FIVB Disciplinary Panel decides on 19 October 2015 to impose a 2 year period of ineligibility on the Athlete starting on 31 August 2015.

Related case:
KNWU 2005 KNWU Decision Disciplinary Committee 2005119 T
July 1, 2005

In July 2005 the Royal Dutch Cycling Federation (KNWU) has reported a second anti-doping rule violation against the Person after his A and B samples, provided in Canada in June 2005, tested positive for the prohibited substance recombinant human erythropoetin (rhEPO).
After notification the Person file a statement in his defence and he was heard for the KNWU Disciplinary Committee.

The Athlete stated that his team doctor had adminstered him injections and he disputed the reliability of the EPO test. His team doctor denied the administration of EPO and stated that he only had administered supplements.
However evidence showed that the Person previously already had admitted the use of doping to the media and to a KNWU official.

The Committee dismissed the Persons's arguments and concluded that the Person had committed an anti-doping violation. Therefore on 5 September 2005 the KNWU Disciplinary Committee decided on 5 September 2005 to impose a CHF 2000,- fine and a 2 year period of ineligibility on the Person, starting on the date of the decision.

Previously in April 2005 the Person tested positive for testosterone with a T/E ration above the WADA threshold. On 1 July 2005 the KNWU Anti-Doping Committee issued a decision that acquitted the Athlete from any charges related to a doping offence.

However the UCI appealed this KWNU decision with the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) which decided in 2006 to annul the KNWU decision for acquittal and to impose a 2 year period of ineligiblilty.

Hereafter - already involved in an CAS proceeding - the Person filed an appeal with CAS in October 2005 against the KNWU decision of 5 September 2005.
Considering the Person was already sanctioned in the previous CAS decision as a first anti-doping violation the CAS Panel decided in 2006 to dismiss the Person's appeal and to impose a lifetime period of ineligiblilty on the Person.

Related case:
KNWU 2005 KNWU Decision Disciplinary Committee 2005120 T
September 5, 2005

In April 2005 the Royal Dutch Cycling Union (KNWU) has reported an anti-doping rule violation against the Person after his A and B samples for the prohibited substance testosterone with a T/E ratio above the WADA threshold.
After notification the Athlete filed a statement with medical files in his defence and he was heard for the KNWU Disciplinary Committee.

The Person explained that his high T/E ratio is caused by his exceptional low testosterone level and that he underwent further medical examinations for his condition.
The Person assumed also that the food supplements he used could have contained contaminations.

The KNWU Disciplinary Committee accepted the Person’s explanation and decided on 1 July 2005 to acquit the Person with the recommendation to apply for a TUE because of his high T/E ratio.

Hereafter in August 2005 the UCI appealed this KNWU decision for acquittal with the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS).
The CAS Panel concluded that the testosterone in the samples were of exogenous origin and decided to annul the KNWU decision of 1 July 2005 and to impose a 2 year period of ineligibility on the Person.

In addition CAS decided in a new proceeding in 2006 to impose a lifetime period of ineligibility on the Person because the he had committed a second anti-doping violation in 2005 .

Related case:

NADO Flanders 2015 Disciplinary Commission 2015032 T
March 8, 2016

On 8 March 2016 the NADO Flanders Disciplinary Commission decided to impose a € 1000 fine and a 2 year period of ineligibility on the Person after her sample tested positive for the prohibited substance cannabis.

Hereafter NADO Flanders was notified that the Person participated in Bodybuilding competitions in the Netherlands as violation of the imposed period of ineligibility.
After notification the Person failed to attend the hearing of the NADO Flanders Disciplinary Commission.

Therefore in absentia of the Person the NADO Flanders Disciplinary Commission decided on 3 January 2017 again to impose a 2 year period of ineligibility on the Person including a € 500 fine.
The new sanction will start on the date that the current sanction will end, i.e. on 7 March 2018 until 7 March 2020.

Fees and expenses for this Commission shall be borne partially by the Person.

Annual banned-substance review: analytical approaches in human sports drug testing / Mario Thevis, Tiia Kuuranne, Hans Geyer, Wolhelm Schänzer. - (Drug testing and analysis 9 (2017) 1 (January) : p. 6-29)

• PMID: 27885819
• DOI: 10.1002/dta.2139

Contents:

• Introduction
• Non-approved substances
• Anabolic agents
  
  • Anabolic-androgenic steroids
  • Iitial testing procedures – multi-analyte screening methods and alternative chromatographic- mass spectrometric techniques
  • Initial testing procedures – metabolism studies and new target analytes
    • Steroid profiling
    • Alternative test methods and approaches
    • Other anabolic agents
  • Peptide hormones, growth factors and related subsances
    • Hyoxia-iducible factor stabilizers and activators
    • Growth hormone
    • Corticotrophins, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and other growth or releasing factors
  • Beta-2-agonists
  • Hormone and metabolic modulators
• Diuretics and other masking agents
• Stimulants
• Narcotics and glucocorticoids
• Manipulation of blood and blood components
• Chemical and physical manipulation
• Gene doping
• Conclusion
• References

 Abstract

There has been an immense amount of visibility of doping issues on the international stage over the past 12 months with the complexity of doping controls reiterated on various occasions. Hence, analytical test methods continuously being updated, expanded, and improved to provide specific, sensitive, and comprehensive test results in line with the World Anti-Doping Agency's (WADA) 2016 Prohibited List represent one of several critical cornerstones of doping controls. This enterprise necessitates expediting the (combined) exploitation of newly generated information on novel and/or superior target analytes for sports drug testing assays, drug elimination profiles, alternative test matrices, and recent advances in instrumental developments. This paper is a continuation of the series of annual banned-substance reviews appraising the literature published between October 2015 and September 2016 concerning human sports drug testing in the context of WADA's 2016 Prohibited List.

Mr. Norayr Vardanyan is an Armenian Athlete competing in the Men’s 94 weightlifting event at the London 2012 Olympic Games.

In 2016, the IOC decided to perform further analyses on certain samples collected during the 2012 Olympic Games. These additional analyses were performed with analytical methods which were not available in 2012.

In July 2016 the International Olympic Committee reported an anti-doping rule violation against the Athlete after his 2012 A and B samples tested positive for the prohibited substance dehydrochlormethyltestosterone (turinabol).
After notification the Athlete waived his right to be heard and filed a statement in his defence.

The Athlete stated that he understood that all top level athletes were using Prohibited Substances as his teammates spoke about it very openly. He asserted that he had always assumed that elite weightlifting athletes used Prohibited Substances but was not aware of the process conducting to this practice. He submitted that he did not know what to do and had no advice from anybody.

He asserted that he has been training and competing as a clean athlete in the USA since 2013. He contended that he had been subject to several anti-doping tests and that none of them has return as Adverse Analytical Finding. The Athlete finally asked the Disciplinary Commission to take into consideration the fact that he has been training and competing as a clean athlete for the three last years.

Based on the test results and the Athlete’s admission the Disciplinary Commission concludes that the Athlete has committed an anti-doping rule violation. Therefore the IOC Disciplinary Commission decides on 10 January 2017 that the Athlete Norayr Vardanyan:

1.) is found to have committed an anti-doping rule violation pursuant to the IOC Anti-Doping Rules applicable to the Games of the XXX Olympiad in London in 2012 (presence, and/or use, of Prohibited Substances or its Metabolites or Markers in an athlete’s bodily specimen),

2.) is disqualified from the Men’s 94 kg weightlifting event in which he participated upon the occasion of the Olympic Games London 2012,

3.) The IWF is requested to modify the results of the above-mentioned event accordingly and to consider any further action within its own competence.

4.) The National Olympic Committee of Armenia shall ensure full implementation of this decision.

5.) This decision enters into force immediately.

Related case:
IOC 2016 IOC vs Intigam Zairov (Beijing Olympiad)
August 29, 2016

Mr. Intigam Zairov is an Azerbaijani Athlete competing in the Men’s 94 kg weightlifting event at the London 2012 Olympic Games. He also competed at the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games.

In 2016, the IOC decided to perform further analyses on certain samples collected during the 2012 Olympic Games. These additional analyses were performed with analytical methods which were not available in 2012.

In July 2016 the International Olympic Committee reported an anti-doping rule violation against the Athlete after his 2012 A and B samples tested positive for the prohibited substance dehydrochlormethyltestosterone (turinabol).

After notification the Athlete submitted that he did not accept the test results, he waived his right to be heard and he did not file a statement in his defence.

Previously the Athlete’s samples provided at the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games also tested positive for the prohibited substance turinabol. On 29 august 2016 the IOC Disciplinary Commission sanctioned the Athlete for this anti-doping violation.

With the positive test results the Commission concludes that the Athlete has committed an anti-doping rule violation consistent with the intentional use of a prohibited substance specifically ingested to deliberately improve performance. The fact that the metabolites of a doping substance, which is a “classical” doping substance, was found, supports this consideration.

Therefore the IOC Disciplinary Commission decides on 10 January 2017 that the Athlete Intigam Zairov:

1.) is found to have committed an anti-doping rule violation pursuant to the IOC Anti-Doping Rules applicable to the Games of the XXX Olympiad in London in 2012 (presence, and/or use, of Prohibited Substances or its Metabolites or Markers in an athlete’s bodily specimen),
2.) is disqualified from the Men’s 94 kg weightlifting event in which he participated upon the occasion of the Olympic Games London 2012,
3.) has the diploma obtained in the Men’s 94 kg weightlifting event withdrawn and is order to return the same.
4. The IWF is requested to modify the results of the above-mentioned event accordingly and to consider any further action within its own competence.
5.) The National Olympic Committee of the Azerbaijani Republic shall ensure full implementation of this decision.
6.) The National Olympic Committee of the Azerbaijani Republic shall notably secure the return to the IOC, as soon as possible, of the diploma awarded in connection with the Men’s 94 kg weightlifting event to the Athlete.
7.) This decision enters into force immediately.

Ms. Sibel Şimşek is a Turkish Athlete competing the 63kg weightlifting event at the London 2012 Olympic Games.

In 2016, the IOC decided to perform further analyses on certain samples collected during the 2012 Olympic Games. These additional analyses were performed with analytical methods which were not available in 2012.
In July 2016 the International Olympic Committee reported an anti-doping rule violation against the Athlete after her 2012 A and B samples tested positive for the prohibited substances stanozolol and dehydrochlormethyltestosterone (turinabol).

After notification the Athlete filed a statement in her defence and she waived her right to be heard for the IOC Disciplinary Commission.
The Athlete stated that she was unable to understand the reason why and how the reanalysis of her sample resulted in an Adverse Analytical Finding. She contended that she had never consciously used any Prohibited Substance. She asserted that she had been psychologically affected by the present proceedings as everything she had worked for was about to be unjustly ruined because of a substance that she would have never used. The Athlete finally contended that her retirement from competition should be taken into account by the Disciplinary Commission.

The Commission finds that the Athlete simply denies having used performance-enhancing substances. She however does not bring any element that could explain the presence of Prohibited Substances in her bodily sample.

With the positive test results the Commission concludes that the Athlete has committed an anti-doping rule violation consistent with the intentional use of prohibited substances specifically ingested to deliberately improve performance. The fact that the metabolites of doping substances, which are “classical” doping substances, were found, supports this consideration.

Therefore the IOC Disciplinary Commission decides on 10 January 2017 that the Athlete Sibel Şimşek:

1.) is found to have committed an anti-doping rule violation pursuant to the IOC Anti-Doping Rules applicable to the Games of the XXX Olympiad in London in 2012 (presence, and/or use, of Prohibited Substances or its Metabolites or Markers in an athlete’s bodily specimen),
2.) is disqualified from the Women’s 63 kg weightlifting event in which she participated upon the occasion of the Olympic Games London 2012,
3.) has the diploma obtained in the Women’s 63 kg weightlifting event withdrawn and is order to return the same.
4.) The IWF is requested to modify the results of the above-mentioned event accordingly and to consider any further action within its own competence.
5.) The Turkish Olympic Committee shall ensure full implementation of this decision.
6.) The Turkish Olympic Committee shall notably secure the return to the IOC, as soon as possible, of the diploma awarded in connection with the Women’s 63 kg weightlifting event to the Athlete.
7.) This decision enters into force immediately.

Ms. Darya Pchelnik is a Belarussian Athlete competing in the Women’s hammer throw event at the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games.

In 2016, the IOC decided to perform further analyses on certain samples collected during the 2008 Olympic Games. These additional analyses were performed with analytical methods which were not available in 2008.

In July 2016 the International Olympic Committee reported an anti-doping rule violation against the Athlete after her 2008 A and B samples tested positive for the prohibited substance dehydrochlormethyltestosterone (turinabol).

After notification the Athlete submitted that she did not accept the test results en denied the use of the prohibited substance. The Athlete did not file a statement in her defence and waived her right to be heard for the IOC Disciplinary Commission.

With the positive test results the Commission concludes that the Athlete has committed an anti-doping rule violation consistent with the intentional use of a prohibited substance specifically ingested to deliberately improve performance. The fact that the metabolite of a doping substance, which is a “classical” doping substance was found, supports this consideration.

Therefore the IOC Disciplinary Commission decides on 10 January 2017 that the Athlete, Darya Pchelnik:

1.) is found to have committed an anti-doping rule violation pursuant to the IOC Anti-Doping Rules applicable to the Games of the XXIX Olympiad in Beijing in 2008 (presence and/or use, of a Prohibited Substance or its Metabolites or Markers in an athlete’s bodily specimen),
2.) is disqualified from the Women’s hammer throw event in which she participated upon the occasion of the Olympic Games Beijing 2008,
3.) has the diploma obtained in the Women’s hammer throw event withdrawn and is ordered to return the same.
4.) The IAAF is requested to modify the results of the above-mentioned event accordingly and to consider any further action within its own competence.
5.) The National Olympic Committee of the Republic of Belarus shall ensure full implementation of this decision.
6.) The National Olympic Committee of the Republic of Belarus shall notably secure the return to the IOC, as soon as possible, of the diploma awarded in connection with the Women’s hammer throw event to the Athlete.
7.) This decision enters into force immediately.

Related case:
IOC 2012 IOC vs Nadzeya Ostapchuk (London Olympiad)
August 12 ,2012

Ms. Nadzeya Ostapchuk is a Belarussian Athlete competing in the Women’s short put event at the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. The Athlete also competed at the London 2012 Olympic Games.

In 2016, the IOC decided to perform further analyses on certain samples collected during the 2008 Olympic Games. These additional analyses were performed with analytical methods which were not available in 2008.

In July 2016 the International Olympic Committee reported an anti-doping rule violation against the Athlete after her 2008 A and B samples tested positive for the prohibited substances dehydrochlormethyltestosterone (turinabol) and tamoxifen.

After notification the Athlete submitted that she did not file a statement in her defence and she waived her right to be heard for the IOC Disciplinary Commission.

The Commission concludes that the Athlete has committed an anti-doping rule violation consistent with the intentional use of prohibited substances specifically ingested to deliberately improve performance. The fact that the metabolites of dehydrochlormethyltestosterone, which is a “classical” doping substance, was found, supports this consideration. The finding of a second Prohibited Substance, i.e. tamoxifen, also supports this conclusion.

Previously the Athlete’s samples provided at the London 2012 Olympic Games tested positive for the prohibited substance metenolon. On 12 August 2012 the IOC Disciplinary Commission sanctioned the Athlete for this anti-doping violation.

Therefore the IOC Disciplinary Commission decides on 10 January 2017 that the Athlete, Nadzeya Ostapchuk:

1.) is found to have committed an anti-doping rule violation pursuant to the IOC Anti-Doping Rules applicable to the Games of the XXIX Olympiad in Beijing in 2008 (presence and/or use, of a Prohibited Substance or its Metabolites or Markers in an athlete’s bodily specimen),
2.) is disqualified from the Women’s shot put event in which she participated upon the occasion of the Olympic Games Beijing 2008,
3.) has the medal, the medallist pin and the diploma obtained in the Women’s shot put event withdrawn and is ordered to return the same.
4.) The IAAF is requested to modify the results of the above-mentioned event accordingly and to consider any further action within its own competence.
5.) The National Olympic Committee of the Republic of Belarus shall ensure full implementation of this decision.
6.) The National Olympic Committee of the Republic of Belarus shall notably secure the return to the IOC, as soon as possible, of the medal, the medallist pin and the diploma awarded in connection with the Women’s shot put event.
7.) This decision enters into force immediately.